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August 27, 2004

Star-Crossed

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Posted by Britton

In response to my recent post on the vulnerabilities of Starbucks, I received some interesting comments. Jim Gilmore, co-author (with Joe Pine) of The Experience Economy, countered my view that "creeping ubiquity" and new store growth undermines the specialness of the vaunted Starbucks experience. He noted that that the coffee house giant has made some conscious moves to customize its infrastructure.

As he puts it: "I actually think they have done such quite well, successfully forestalling the anti-ubiquity sentiment (which I agree exists out there) to a great degree: the eight Starbucks outlets within 2 miles of where I live are all different looking in terms of specific iconic fixturing, while maintaining the same brand identity. To me, it's amazing how much they saturate the terrain and see so few turn against 'em. And of course, some folks hated 'em even when they had but one-eighth the outlets."

Gilmore also disputed my argument that Starbucks' relative lack of customer knowledge (actually, I called it "ignorance") is a problem. "I, like many others, actually value the anonymity," writes Gilmore. "There are certain businesses that I don't want to know me -- and one of them is Starbucks. The private place serves as 'public' space. (I don't want to meet at local park -- say at nice picnic table and bench -- to meet friends, and have the park landscaping crew greet me by name.) Consider this: perhaps such anonymous treatment helps forestall anti-Starbucks sentiment. For if they were everywhere and they knew everyone, the big-brotherism might turn off even more folks."

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August 24, 2004

Wal-Mart's Smarts

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Posted by Britton

Wal-Mart accounts for more than 10 percent of America's productivity growth over the past decade. One way it accomplishes this is by enabling its suppliers to possess deep intelligence on how products move in its stores.

The company's partnership with Procter and Gamble has proved particularly powerful in this regard. As Paul Solmon's recent piece on the News Hour discusses, the sharing of store-based scanning data enables suppliers such as P&G to monitor each sale and keep shelves stocked in a precise way. left

P&G's Mike Graen explains that he sets up in "Vendorville," a satellite office near Wal-Mart's headquarters, to "make sure that orders that we get from Wal-Mart are coming in seamlessly, they're flowing directly to our plant in an automated fashion; we're turning around and filling those trucks and getting into the Wal-Mart store shelves as quickly as possible."

Ultimately, such practices -- known as "vendor managed inventory" -- enable Wal-Mart people to dramatically reduce back office work such as ordering inventory. "They spend more time out here with the customers on the floor," says Linda Dillman, Wal-Mart's chief information officer. "As a result, that brings more customers into our stores. They buy more, and it just continues."

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August 18, 2004

Stars Will Fall

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Posted by Britton

Starbucks is in trouble. It won't give John Winter Smith the time of day. In case you haven't heard of the guy, Smith recently appeared in Fortune Magazine in an article describing his quest to have a cup of coffee in each and every one of its many retail sites. So far, he's been to 4,122 North American stores, 114 in Britain, and 53 in Japan. left

So why won't Starbucks embrace this self-described "enthusiast"? Well, one reason is that the company doesn't want to attract attention to its creeping ubiquity -- not at a time when no-growth, no-logo "progressives" are always threatening to throw a garbage can through your store window.

"Ahem, Starbucks: Everyone knows you're ubiquitous," write the wise folks at the Church of the Customer. "Don't think the elephant of ubiquity is disguised because you choose not to acknowledge it."

But the bigger problem facing Starbucks is its sheer ignorance of customers. While stand-up comics can joke about a new Starbucks opening up in the bathroom of a Starbucks, it's the fact that they don't know who we are that will ultimately catch up to them. No customer databases. No relationship building initiatives. Just ambience and expensive coffee.

Starbucks provides a pleasant experience. But the experience is hardwired into the hardware of its physical infrastructure -- a capital-intensive liability in an era of mercurial tastes. Unfortunately, store proliferation is the only way to grow when you don't really know your customers. Mr. Smith has been to more than 4,000 stores and they still don't (want to) know him.

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August 16, 2004

Angels and Demons

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Posted by Britton

How do you destroy a trillion dollars of shareholder wealth? You remain ignorant of the value of customers. That's the allegation presented in Angel Customers and Demon Customers, an extraordinary book that makes the case for organizing around customers (instead of products). right

The authors, Larry Selden and Geoffrey Colvin, go to the heart of power and make an extremely articulate case that transformational change will be necessary to drive superior stock performance in the coming years. Citing companies such as Dell, Fidelity and Royal Bank of Canada as models, the authors believe that customer-focused change is the way to go. That means that power should shift from product and territory managers to customer segment managers -- a radical shift for most companies today.

Intriguingly, the authors discuss how much shareholder wealth has been detroyed in recent years because acquirers paid a premium for unprofitable customers ("demons"). Whether AOL-Time Warner, Exxon and Mobil, or Travelers and Citicorp, they believe ignorance has proved disastrous. Fortunately, they point to a future that promises to be dramatically different.

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August 12, 2004

Finding the Lost Boys

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Posted by Britton

Nielsen Media Research has magically rediscovered all the 18-34 year old males that were reported to have abandoned TV. Of course, this factoid set off a firestorm of handwringing and recrimination. Fortune Magazine told us about the "Nightmare on Madison Avenue" and just this month Wired Magazine was writing about "the lost boys."

Despite a double-digit drop in ratings last fall among members of this critical demo, Nielsen now reports that we are back to standard numbers. The broadcast networks, which stood to lose a lot of money, have been blasting Nieslen's methodology over the past year. They feel vindicated.

"It kind of went right back to where God intended it to be," the president for research for NBC, Alan Wurtzel, said. "None of this made conceptual sense. Usage numbers move glacially. Double-digit declines just don't happen."

Nielsen, which is holding its ground and defending its methodology, merely claims that the boys have returned -- largely to watch poker on the tube. Which is ironic. Harrah's provides much of the content and even gets paid by ESPN to do so. And Harrah's CEO Gary Loveman has said, "Broadcasting an ad on television or in a newspaper is admitting you have no idea who your customers are."

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August 10, 2004

Customer-Focused Performance

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Posted by Britton

Companies intent on building customer value need to establish a dependable framework and processes for measuring customer profitability. While the cultural challenge of becoming a customer-focused (as opposed to a product- or transaction-focused) business certainly looms large, other challenges lie ahead, according to Jack Hafeli, VP and research director of Ventana Research's Customer Intelligence and Demand Chain Performance Management practice.

As he explains: "Most organizations encounter three common obstacles: difficulty in defining the 'customer'; problems in integrating customer-level data sources; and the tough challenge of establishing the component metrics needed to derive a useful, accepted customer profitability metric."

Hafeli offers an interesting roadmap for companies intent on driving performance gains based on enhanced management of and investment in customer relationships. "The execution of new strategies in any organization requires that people, processes, and technology be brought into alignment with the new objectives," as he sees it. "Building strategies on customer profitability is no different."

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August 09, 2004

Measures that Matter

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Posted by Britton

Having spent five years editing and publishing a pre-blog, print pub called Knowledge Inc. on the promise of knowledge management, I was intrigued by Zack Lynch's recent post on the topic of knowledge measurement.

What intrigues me most is the effort to assess and measure intangibles. It strikes me as critical endeavor at this time -- something that promises to generate extraordinary gains in the years to come. While we have measured tangibles such as manufacturing and production yields down to the the Six Sigma level, other aspects of work remain a virtual mystery.

This was once true of property itself. As Andro Linklater discusses in his wonderful book Measuring America, it was actually Gunter's chain (pictured right) and the diligence of early surveyors that enabled post-revolution America to turn intangible and unmeasured property into a powerful resource for economic growth and advancement. right

"The most urgent problem facing the newly independent United States was how to pay for the war that won the country its freedom; America’s debt was enormous," writes Linklater. "Its greatest asset was the land west of the Ohio River, but for this huge territory to be sold, it had first to be surveyed—that is, measured out and mapped."

Now we need instruments, insights and pioneering surveyors for the new age of intangibles. I admire Zack and Ross Mayfield for their work on this frontier. I would be interested in seeing it tested in practice -- where the real learning and improvement begins.

One word of caution though: the measurement of "information" or "knowledge," per se, may prove a wasteful distraction. These are inputs and, as I see it, their value will always be essentially subjective. It is far more important to get a handle on actions and outcomes -- and work backward. Critical though information may be to the results we seek, behavioral changes and performance gains are influenced by more factors than information alone.

We actually seek actionable information -- we call it customer "insight" or "intelligence" here. But finding it via Google or measuring it through some new system is not the same as acting on it -- or, for that matter, leveraging it to realize new levels of measurable performance.

I could be persuaded otherwise. But I think it's performance we should be actively measuring, not knowledge, not information. Customer knowledge is not a critical metric. On the demand side of business, customer equity and even engagement are the measures that matter most.

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